| Electronic state | Electronic configuration | Possible oxidation states |
|---|---|---|
| Ground state |  |
−1, +1 |
| First excited state |  |
+3 |
| Second excited state |  |
+5 |
| Third excited state |  |
+7 |
| Electronic state | Electronic configuration | Possible oxidation states |
|---|---|---|
| Ground state | |
−1, +1 |
| First excited state | |
+3 |
| Second excited state | |
+5 |
| Third excited state | |
+7 |