Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
Heredity & Molecular Genetics > Molecular Genetics
Central dogma of molecular biology Central dogma of molecular biology – The relationship between genes and proteins The dogma is a framework for understanding the transfer of sequence information between sequential information–carrying biopolymers, in the living organisms. There are 3 major classes of such biopolymers: DNA, RNA (both nucleic acids), and protein.

The central dogma of molecular biology is an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It was first stated by Francis Crick in 1958. The flow of information is unidirectional: information is transferred from nucleotide sequences into the amino acid sequence of proteins, but never from protein back into the sequence of DNA.

The concept of this phenomenon includes: Transcription of DNA to RNA to protein: This dogma forms the backbone of molecular biology and is represented by four major stages.

  1. The DNA replicates its information in a process that involves many enzymes: replication.

  2. The DNA codes for the production of messenger RNA (mRNA) during transcription.

  3. In eukaryotic cells, the mRNA is processed (essentially by splicing) and migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

  4. Messenger RNA carries coded information to ribosomes. The ribosomes "read" this information and use it for protein synthesis. This process is called translation.

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