Mitosis occurs in somatic cells Cell division and reproduction in eukaryotes can occur in two ways – mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, whereas meiosis occurs in gametic cells.
Mitosis is a form of eukaryotic cell division that produces two daughter cells with the same genetic component as the parent cell. Chromosomes replicated during the S phase are divided in such a way as to ensure that each daughter cell receives a copy of every chromosome. In actively dividing animal cells, the whole process takes about one hour.
Cytokinesis followed this process immediately; it divides the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell organelles and cell membrane into two daughter cells with almost equal shares of these cellular components. The mitotic (M) phase of the cell cycle has Mitosis and cytokinesis together. The cell division occurs in the mother cell and creates two identical daughter cells are the uniqueness of the mitosis process. Around 10% of the cell cycle accounts this process. Mitosis and cytokinesis produced the 200 trillion somatic cells that now make up your body, and the same processes continue to generate new cells to replace dead and damaged ones. In contrast, meiosis is responsible to produce gametes– eggs or sperm cells– by a variation of cell division called meiosis, which yields nonidentical daughter cells that have only one set of chromosomes, thus half as many chromosomes as the parent cell.
Meiosis occurs in gametic cells Meiosis is the form of eukaryotic cell division that produces haploid sex cells or gametes (which contain a single copy of each chromosome) from diploid cells (which contain two copies of each chromosome). The process takes the form of one DNA replication followed by two successive nuclear and cellular divisions (Meiosis I and Meiosis II). As in mitosis, meiosis is preceded by a process of DNA replication that converts each chromosome into two sister chromatids.
Meiosis occurs only in gonads (ovaries and testes). In each generation of humans, meiosis reduces the chromosome number from 46 (two sets of chromosomes) to 23 (one set). Fertilization fuses two gametes together and returns the chromosome number to 46, and mitosis conserves that number in every somatic cell nucleus of the new individual.